Stanford University
Department of Physics - Varian Bldg - Room 206
Stanford, CA 94305
(USA)
Ordinary Academicians
Date of birth 28 February 1948
Place St Louis, Missouri, United States of America (America)
Nomination 30 January 2018
Field Physics
Title Professor of Physics and Molecular & Cellular Physiology; William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of Humanities and Sciences; 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics
Most important awards, prizes and academies
Steven Chu is the William R. Kenan, Jr., Professor of Physics and Professor of Molecular & Cellular Physiology in the Medical School at Stanford University. He was the 12th U.S. Secretary of Energy from January 2009 until the end of April 2013. As the first scientist to hold a Cabinet position and the longest serving Energy Secretary, he recruited outstanding scientists and engineers into the Department of Energy. He began several initiatives including ARPA-E (Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy), the Energy Innovation Hubs, and was personally tasked by President Obama to assist BP in stopping the Deepwater Horizon oil leak.
Prior to his cabinet post, he was director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where he was active in pursuit of alternative and renewable energy technologies, and Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University, where he helped launch Bio-X, a multi-disciplinary institute combining the physical and biological sciences with medicine and engineering. Previously he was head of the Quantum Electronics Research Department at AT&T Bell Laboratories.
Dr. Chu is the co-recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to laser cooling and atom trapping, and has received numerous other awards. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Academia Sinica, and is a foreign member of the Royal Society, the Royal Academy of Engineering, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology and the National Academy of Sciences, Belarus. He is the President Elect of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He received an A.B. degree in mathematics and a B.S. degree in physics from the University of Rochester, and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of California, Berkeley, as well as 32 honorary degrees. Dr Chu is also a Member of Bio-X, Member of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute and Member of the Siemens Science Innovation and Technology Council (2015 - Present). Honors and awards include: Co-winner in Physics, Nobel Prize (1997); Pioneer Award, Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Duke Univ. (2018); Foreign Member, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (2017); Richard Ernst Medal, ETH Zurich (2015); Robert Fletcher Award, Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth (2015); Fellow, National Academy of Inventors (2014); Foreign Member, Royal Society (2013); George Eastman Medal, University of Rochester (2013); Franklin Founder Award (2012); Alumnus of the Year, University of California-Berkeley (2011); Foreign Member, Royal Academy of Engineering (2011); Hans Bethe Award, Federation of American Scientists (2011); Harold Berger Award, Penn School of Engineering and Applied Science (2011); Arthur L. Schawlow Award, Laser Institute of America (2010); Honorary Fellow, Institute of Physics (2009); Hutchinson Medal for Distinguished Public Service, University of Rochester (2009); Honorary Lifetime Member, Optical Society of America (2004); Foreign Member, Korean Academy of Sciences and Technology (1998); Foreign Member, Chinese Academy of Sciences (1998); Member, American Philosophical Society (1998); Science for Art Prize, Moët Hennessey-Louis Vuitton (LVMH) (1995); Senior Scientist Award, Humboldt Foundation (1995); Distinguished Traveling Lecturer, Am. Phys. Soc. Division of Laser Science (1994-1996); Academician, Academia Sinica (1994); Arthur Schawlow Prize for Laser Science, American Physical Society (1994); William Meggers Award for Spectroscopy, Optical Society of America (1994); Co-winner, King Faisal International Prize for Science (1993); Member, National Academy of Sciences (1993); Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1992); Fellow, Optical Society of America (1990); Richtmyer Memorial Prize Lecturer, Am. Phys. Soc./Am Assoc. Physics Teachers (1990); Broida Prize for Laser Spectroscopy, American Physical Society (1987); Fellow, American Physical Society (1987); Guggenheim Fellowship, John Simon Guggenheim Foundation (1996); 32 Honorary Degrees, Various universities, colleges and institutions (till present time).
Summary of scientific research
Synthesis, functionalization and applications of nanoparticle bioprobes for molecular cellular in vivo imaging in biology and biomedicine. Linear and nonlinear difference frequency mixing ultrasound imaging. Lithium metal-sulfur batteries, new approaches to electrochemical splitting of water. CO2 reduction, lithium extraction from salt water.
Main publications
Steven Chu has published over 280 papers in atomic and polymer physics, biophysics, biology, batteries, and other energy technologies. He holds 15 patents, and an additional 8 patent disclosures or filings since 2015. His most recent publications include: Strongly Cavity-Enhanced Spontaneous Emission from Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond, Nano Letters, Zhang, J.L., Sun, S., Burek, M.J., Dory, C., Tzeng, Y., Fischer, K.A., Kelaita, Y., Lagoudakis, K.G., Radulaski, M., Shen, Z., Melosh, N.A., Chu, S., Lončar, M., Vučković, J. 2018; 18: 1360-1365; Vertical-Substrate MPCVD Epitaxial Nanodiamond Growth, Nano letters, Tzeng, Y., Zhang, J.L., Lu, H., Ishiwata, H., Dahl, J., Carlson, R.M., Yan, H., Schreiner, P.R., Vuckovic, J., Shen, Z., Melosh, N., Chu, S. 2017; The path towards sustainable energy, Nature Materials, Chu, S., Cui, Y., Liu, N. 2017; 16 (1): 16-22; Atomic structure of sensitive battery materials and interfaces revealed by cryo-electron microscopy, Science, Li, Y., Li, Y., Pei, A., Yan, K., Sun, Y., Wu, C., Joubert, L.M., Chin, R., Koh, A.L., Yu, Y., Perrino, J., Butz, B., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2017; 358: 506-510; Complete Coherent Control of Silicon-Vacancies in Diamond Nanopillars Containing Single Defect Centers, Optica, Zhang, J.L., Lagoudakis, K.G., Tzeng, Y., Dory, C., Radulaski, M., Kelaita, Y., Fischer, K.A., Shen, Z., Melosh, N.A., Chu, S., Vučković, J. 2017; 4: 1317-1321; A half-wave rectified alternating current electrochemical method for uranium extraction from seawater, Nature Energy, Liu, C., Hsu, P., Xie, J., Zhao, J., Wu, T., Wang, H., Liu, W., Zhang, J., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2017; 2: 17007; Speckle-modulating optical coherence tomography in living mice and humans, Nature Communications, Liba, O., Lew, M.D., SoRelle, E.D., Dutta, R., Sen, D., Moshfeghi, D.M., Chu, S., de la Zerda, A. 2017; 8: 15845; High-Performance Lithium Metal Negative Electrode with a Soft and Flowable Polymer Coating, ACS Energy Letters, Zheng, G., Wang, C., Pei, A., Lopez, J., Shi, F., Chen, Z., Sendek, A.D., Lee, H., Lu, Z., Schneider, H., Safont-Sempere, M.M., Chu, S., Bao, Z., Cui, Y.2016 1 (6): 1247-1255: Evaluation of a Silicon Sr-90 Betavoltaic Power Source Scientific Reports, Dixon, J., Rajan, A., Bohlemann, S., Coso, D., Upadhyaya, A.D., Rohatgi, A., Chu, S., Majumdar, A., Yee, S.2016; 6 Wafer-Size and Single-Crystal MoSe2 Atomically Thin Films Grown on GaN Substrate for Light Emission and Harvesting, ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Chen, Z., Liu, H., Chen, X., Chu, G., Chu, S., Zhang, H. 2016; 8 (31): 20267-20273; Enhancing Quantum Yield via Local Symmetry Distortion in Lanthanide-Based Upconverting Nanoparticles, ACS Photonics, Wisser, M.D., Fischer, S., Maurer, P.C., Bronstein, N.D., Chu, S., Alivisatos, A.P., Salleo, A., Dionne, J.A. 2016; 3 (8): 1523-1530; Nanofiber Air Filters with High-Temperature Stability for Efficient PM2.5 Removal from the Pollution Sources, Nano Letters, Zhang, R., Liu, C., Hsu, P., Zhang, C., Liu, N., Zhang, J., Lee, H.R., Lu, Y., Qiu, Y., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2016; 16 (6): 3642-3649; Selective deposition and stable encapsulation of lithium through heterogeneous seeded growth, Nature Energy, Yan, K., Lu, Z., Lee, H., Xiong, F., Hsu, P., Li, Y., Zhao, J., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2016; 1; Shelterin Protects Chromosome Ends by Compacting Telomeric Chromatin, Cell, Bandaria, J.N., Qin, P., Berk, V., Chu, S., Yildiz, A. 2016; 164 (4): 735-746; DOI: 10.1038/srep38182, Evaluation of a Silicon 90Sr Betavoltaic Power Source, Dixon, J., et al., 2016; 6; Ras-GTP dimers activate the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Nan, X., Tamgueney, T.M., Collisson, E.A., Lin, L., Pitt, C., Galeas, J., Lewis, S., Gray, J.W., McCormick, F., Chu, S. 2015; 112 (26): 7996-8001; Polymer Nanofiber-Guided Uniform Lithium Deposition for Battery Electrodes,Nano Letters, Liang, Z., Zheng, G., Liu, C., Liu, N., Li, W., Yan, K., Yao, H., Hsu, P., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2015; 15 (5): 2910-2916; Artificial Graphene and Related Photonic Lattices Generated With a Simple Method, IEEE Photonics Journal, Gao, Y., Song, D., Chu, S., Chen, Z.2014; 6 (6); Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals as Stable Interfacial Layer for Improvement of Lithium Metal Anode, Nano Letters, Yan, K., Lee, H., Gao, T., Zheng, G., Yao, H., Wang, H., Lu, Z., Zhou, Y., Liang, Z., Liu, Z., Chu, S., Cui, Y.2014; 14 (10): 6016-6022; Interconnected hollow carbon nanospheres for stable lithium metal anodes. Nature nanotechnologyZheng, G., Lee, S. W., Liang, Z., Lee, H., Yan, K., Yao, H., Wang, H., Li, W., Chu, S., Cui, Y. 2014; 9 (8): 618-623; In vitro and in vivo radiosensitization of human glioma U251 cells induced by upregulated expression of SLC22A18, Cancer Gene Therapy, Chu, S., Zhou, Z., Karri, S., Li, Z., Zhao, J. 2014; 21 (3): 103-109; Single-molecule superresolution imaging allows quantitative analysis of RAF multimer formation and signaling, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Nan, X., Collisson, E. A., Lewis, S., Huang, J., Tamgueney, T.M., Liphardt, J.T., McCormick, F., Gray, J.W., Chu, S. 2013; 110 (46): 18519-18524; Ultrahigh-resolution imaging reveals formation of neuronal SNARE/Munc18 complexes in situ. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Pertsinidis, A., Mukherjee, K., Sharma, M., Pang, Z.P., Park, S.R., Zhang, Y., Brunger, A.T., Südhof, T.C., Chu, S. 2013; 110 (30): E2812-20; Ultrahigh-resolution imaging reveals formation of neuronal SNARE/Munc18 complexes in situ, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Pertsinidis, A., Mukherjee, K., Sharma, M., Pang, Z.P., Park, S.R., Zhang, Y., Brunger, A.T., Suedhof, T.C., Chu, S. 2013; 110 (30): E2812-E2820; Studying calcium-triggered vesicle fusion in a single vesicle-vesicle content and lipid-mixing system. Nature protocols, Kyoung, M., Zhang, Y., Diao, J., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2013; 8 (1): 1-16; Studying calcium-triggered vesicle fusion in a single vesicle-vesicle content and lipid-mixing system, Nature Protocols, Kyoung, M., Zhang, Y., Diao, J., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2013; 8 (1): 1-16; Synaptic proteins promote calcium-triggered fast transition from point contact to full fusion, ELIFE, Diao, J., Grob, P., Cipriano, D.J., Kyoung, M., Zhang, Y., Shah, S., Amie Nguyen, A., Padolina, M., Srivastava, A., Vrljic, M., Shah, A., Nogales, E., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2012; 1; Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future, Nature, Chu, S., Majumdar, A. 2012; 488 (7411): 294-303; Transcription initiation by human RNA polymerase II visualized at single-molecule resolution, Genes & Development, Revyakin, A., Zhang, Z., Coleman, R.A., Li, Y., Inouye, C., Lucas, J. K., Park, S., Chu, S., Tjian, R. 2012; 26 (15): 1691-1702; Molecular Architecture and Assembly Principles of Vibrio cholerae Biofilms, Science, Berk, V., Fong, J.C., Dempsey, G.T., Develioglu, O.N., Zhuang, X., Liphardt, J., Yildiz, F.H., Chu, S. 2012; 337 (6091): 236-239; Synchrotron Infrared Measurements of Protein Phosphorylation in Living Single PC12 Cells during Neuronal Differentiation, Analytical Chemistry, Chen, L., Holman, H.N., Hao, Z., Bechtel, H.A., Martin, M.C., Wu, C., Chu, S. 2012; 84 (9): 4118-4125; Synaptic proteins promote calcium-triggered fast transition from point contact to full fusion, eLife, Diao, J., Grob, P., Cipriano, D.J., Kyoung, M., Zhang, Y., Shah, S., Nguyen, A., Padolina, M., Srivastava, A., Vrljic, M., Shah, A., Nogales, E., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2012; 1; Post-Translational Modifications and Lipid Binding Profile of Insect Cell-Expressed Full-Length Mammalian Synaptotagmin 1, Biochemistry, Vrljic, M., Strop, P., Hill, R.C., Hansen, K.C., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2011; 50 (46): 9998-10012; In vitro system capable of differentiating fast Ca2+-triggered content mixing from lipid exchange for mechanistic studies of neurotransmitter release Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Kyoung, M., Srivastava, A., Zhang, Y., Diao, J., Vrljic, M., Grob, P., Nogales, E., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2011; 108 (29): E304-E313; Equivalence Principle and Gravitational Redshift, Physical Review Letters, Hohensee, M.A., Chu, S., Peters, A., Mueller, H. 2011; 106 (15); Towards Structural Biology with Single Molecules Experimental Biology Meeting 2011, Brunger, A., Strop, P., Vrljic, M., Chu, S., Weninger, K., Federation Amer Soc Exp Biol. 2011; Three-dimensional molecular modeling with single molecule Fret Journal of Structural Biology Brunger, A.T., Strop, P., Vrljic, M., Chu, S., Weninger, K.R. 2011; 173 (3): 497-505; Subnanometre single-molecule localization, registration and distance measurements, Nature, Pertsinidis, A., Zhang, Y., Chu, S. 2010; 466 (7306): 647-U11; Molecular mechanism of the synaptotagmin-SNARE interaction in Ca2+-triggered vesicle fusion, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Vrljic, M., Strop, P., Ernst, J.A., Sutton, R.B., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2010; 17 (3): 325-U92; Single-molecule FRET-derived model of the synaptotagmin 1-SNARE fusion complex, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Choi, U.B., Strop, P., Vrljic, M., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T., Weninger, K.R. 2010; 17 (3): 318-U84 A precision measurement of the gravitational redshift by the interference of matter waves, Nature, Mueller, H., Peters, A., Chu, S. 2010; 463 (7283): 926-U96; DNA Methylation Increases Nucleosome Compaction and Rigidity, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Choy, J.S., Wei, S., Lee, J.Y., Tan, S., Chu, S., Lee, T. 2010; 132 (6): 1782-?; Multiple native states reveal persistent ruggedness of an RNA folding landscape, Nature, Solomatin, S.V., Greenfeld, M., Chu, S., Herschlag, D. 2010; 463 (7281): 681-U117; A New Platform for Profiling Active Proteases with Single-Molecule Sensitivity ASME, 1st Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology, Dogan, M.Y., Revyakin, A., Park, S., Pertsinidis, A., Brown, C., Chu, S., Craik, C.S., Majumdar, A. Amer Soc Mechanical Engineers. 2010: 77-78; Characterizing the Initial Encounter Complex in Cadherin Adhesion, Structures, Sivasankar, S., Zhang, Y., Nelson, W.J., Chu, S. 2009; 17 (8): 1075-1081; Noise-Immune Conjugate Large-Area Atom Interferometers, Physical Review Letters, Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S., Mueller, H. 2009; 103 (5) Atom interferometry tests of local Lorentz invariance in gravity and electrodynamics, Physical Review D, Chung, K., Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S., Mueller, H. 2009; 80 (1); Atom Interferometers with Scalable Enclosed Area, Physical Review Letters, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S. 2009; 102 (24); Nanoparticle-Mediated Nonfluorescent Bonding of Microspheres to Atomic Force Microscope Cantilevers and Imaging Fluorescence from Bonded Cantilevers with Single Molecule Sensitivity, Nano Letters, Sivasankar, S., Chu, S.2009; 9 (5): 2120-2124; 6 W, 1 kHz linewidth, tunable continuous-wave near-infrared laser, Optics Express, Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Mueller, H., Chu, S.2009; 17 (7): 5246-5250; Single Molecule Studies of the Synaptic Vesicle Fusion Machinery 40th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Neurochemistry, Brunger, A.T., Weninger, K., Vrljic, M., Choi, U.B., Bowen, M.A., Chu, S. Wiley-Blackwell. 2009: 55-55; Resolving cadherin interactions and binding cooperativity at the single-molecule level, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Zhang, Y., Sivasankar, S., Nelson, W.J., Chu, S.2009; 106 (1): 109-114; Single-Molecule Studies of the Neuronal SNARE Fusion Machinery, Annual Review of Biochemistry, Brunger, A.T., Weninger, K., Bowen, M., Chu, S. 2009; 78: 903-928; Atom Interferometry Experiments in Fundamental Physics, 7th Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology, Chiow, S.W., Herrmann, S., Chu, S., Mueller, H., World Scientific Publ Co PTE LTD. 2009: 53-61; Direct measurement of tertiary contact cooperativity in RNA folding, Journal of the American Chemical Society, Sattint, B.D., Zhao, W., Travers, K., Chut, S., Herschlag, D. 2008; 130 (19): 6085-?; Atom interferometry with up to 24-photon-momentum-transfer beam splitters, Physical Review Letters, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Long, Q., Herrmann, S., Chu, S. 2008; 100 (18); Atom-wave diffraction between the Raman-Nath and the Bragg regime: Effective Rabi frequency, losses, and phase shifts, Physical Review A, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Chu, S. 2008; 77 (2); Accessory proteins stabilize the acceptor complex for synaptobrevin, the 1 : 1 syntaxin/SNAP-25 complex, Structure, Weninger, K., Bowen, M.E., Choi, U.B., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2008; 16 (2): 308-320; Atom-interferometry tests of the isotropy of post-Newtonian gravity, Physical Review Letters, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S., Chung, K. 2008; 100 (3); Multiphoton- and simultaneous conjugate Ramsey-Borde atom interferometers, 3rd Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S., Amer Inst Physics. 2008: 291-301; Nanosecond electro-optical switching with a repetition rate above 20 MHz, Review of Scientific Instruments, Mueller, H., Chiow, S., Herrmann, S., Chu, S. 2007; 78 (12); Thiostrepton inhibition of tRNA delivery to the ribosome RNA-A, Publication of the RNA Society, Gonzalez, R.L., Chu, S., Puglisi, J.D. 2007; 13 (12): 2091-2097; Extended-cavity diode lasers with tracked resonances, Applied Optics, Chiow, S., Long, Q., Vo, C., Mueller, H., Chu, S. 2007; 46 (33): 7997-8001; Fluctuations of transfer RNAs between classical and hybrid states, Biophysical Journal, Kim, H.D., Puglisi, J.D., Chu, S.2007; 93 (10): 3575-3582; A functional dynein-microtubule network is required for NGF signaling through the Rap1/MAPK pathway, Traffic, Wu, C., Ramirez, A., Cui, B., Ding, J., Delcroix, J.M., Valletta, J.S., Liu, J., Yang, Y., Chu, S., Mobley, W. C. 2007; 8 (11): 1503-1520; Optical bonding using silica nanoparticle sol-gel chemistry, Nano Letters, Sivasankar, S., Chu, S. 2007; 7 (10): 3031-3034; One at a time, live tracking of NGF axonal transport using quantum dots, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Cui, B., Wu, C., Chen, L., Ramirez, A., Bearer, E.L., Li, W., Mobley, W.C., Chu, S.2007; 104 (34): 13666-13671; The role of fluctuations in tRNA selection by the ribosome, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Lee, T., Blanchard, S.C., Kim, H.D., Puglisi, J.D., Chu, S.2007; 104 (34): 13661-13665; Measuring the folding transition time of single RNA molecules, Biophysical Journal, Lee, T., Lapidus, L.J., Zhao, W., Travers, K.J., Herschlag, D., Chu, S. 2007; 92 (9): 3275-3283; The individualistic dynamics of entangled DNA in solution, Macromolecules, Teixeira, R.E., Dambal, A. K., Richter, D.H., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2007; 40 (7): 2461-2476; Peptide bond formation destabilizes Shine-Dalgarno interaction on the ribosome, Nature, Uemura, S., Dorywalska, M., Lee, T., Kim, H.D., Puglisi, J.D., Chu, S. 2007; 446 (7134): 454-457; Retrolinkin, a membrane protein, plays an important role in retrograde axonal transport, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Liu, J., Ding, J., Wu, C., Bhagavatula, P., Cui, B., Chu, S., Mobley, W.C., Yang, Y. 2007; 104 (7): 2223-2228; Single molecule studies of SNARE-dependent fusion, 51st Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society, Brunger, A., Chu, S., Bowen, M., Weninger, K., Vrljic, M., Cell Press. 2007: 375A-375A; Gene targeting of GAN in mouse causes a toxic accumulation of microtubule-associated protein 8 and impaired retrograde axonal transport, Human Molecular Genetics, Ding, J.Q., Allen, E., Wang, W., Valle, A., Wu, C.B., Nardine, T., Cui, B.X., Yi, J., Taylor, A., Jeon, N.L., Chu, S., So, Y., Vogel, H., Tolwani, R., Mobley, W., Yang, Y.M. 2006; 15 (9): 1451-1463; Phase-locked, low-noise, frequency agile titanium: sapphire lasers for simultaneous atom interferometers, Optics Letters, Muller, H., Chiow, S.W., Long, Q., Chu, S. 2006; 31 (2): 202-204; Active sub-Rayleigh alignment of parallel or antiparallel laser beams, Optics Letters, Muller, H., Chiow, S.W., Long, Q., Vo, C., Chu, S. 2005; 30 (24): 3323-3325; Parametric amplification of matter waves in periodically translated optical lattices, Physical Review Letters, Gemelke, N., Sarajlic, E., Bidel, Y., Hong, S., Chu, S. 2005; 95 (17); Phase shifts in precision atom interferometry due to the localization of atoms and optical fields, Physical Review A, Wicht, A., Sarajlic, E., Hensley, J.M., Chu, S. 2005; 72 (2); Characteristic periodic motion of polymers in shear flow, Physical Review Letters, Schroeder, C.M., Teixeira, R.E., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2005; 95 (1); Single-molecule studies of synaptotagmin and complexin binding to the SNARE complex, Biophysical Journal, Bowen, M.E., Weninger, K., Ernst, J., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2005; 89 (1): 690-702; Dynamics of DNA in the flow-gradient plane of steady shear flow: Observations and simulations, Macromolecules, Schroeder, C.M., Teixeira, R.E., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2005; 38 (5): 1967-1978; Shear thinning and tumbling dynamics of single polymers in the flow-gradient plane, Macromolecules, Teixeira, R.E., Babcock, H. P., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2005; 38 (2): 581-592; Site-specific labeling of the ribosome for single-molecule spectroscopy, Nucleic Acids Research, Dorywalska, M., Blanchard, S.C., Gonzalez, R.L., Kim, H.D., Chu, S., Puglisi, J.D. 2005; 33 (1): 182-189; Effect of hydrodynamic interactions on DNA dynamics in extensional flow: Simulation and single molecule experiment, Macromolecules, Schroeder, C.M., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2004; 37 (24): 9242-9256; Single molecule observation of liposome-bilayer fusion thermally induced by soluble N-ethyl maleimide sensitive-factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), Biophysical Journal, Bowen, M.E., Weninger, K., Brunger, A.T., Chu, S. 2004; 87 (5): 3569-3584; tRNA selection and kinetic proofreading in translation, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Blanchard, S.C., Gonzalez, R.L., Kim, H.D., Chu, S., Puglisi, J.D. 2004; 11 (10): 1008-1014; Precision Feshbach spectroscopy of ultracold Cs-2, Physical Review A, Chin, C., Vuletic, V., Kerman, A.J., Chu, S., Tiesinga, E., Leo, P.J., Williams, C. J.2004; 70 (3); tRNA dynamics on the ribosome during translation, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Blanchard, S.C., Kim, H.D., Gonzalez, R.L., Puglisi, J.D., Chu, S. 2004; 101 (35): 12893-12898; Risk factors for proximal humerus fracture, American Journal of Epidemiology, Chu, S.P., Kelsey, J.L., Keegan, T.H., Sternfeld, B., Prill, M., Quesenberry, C.P., Sidney, S. 2004; 160 (4): 360-367; Magnetic properties of Sm(CobalFe0.31Zr0.05Cu0.04Bx)(z) alloys and their melt-spun materials (x=0.02-0.04, z=7.5-12) IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Huang, M.Q., Turgut, Z., Smith, B.R., Chen, Z.M., Ma, B.M., Chu, S.Y., Laughlin, D.E., Horwath, J.C., Fingers, R.T. 2004; 40 (4): 2934-2936; Single-molecule studies of SNARE complex assembly reveal parallel and antiparallel configurations, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Weninger, K., Bowen, M.E., Chu, S., Brunger, A.T. 2003; 100 (25): 14800-14805; Observation of polymer conformation hysteresis in extensional flow, Science, Schroeder, C.M., Babcock, H.P., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2003; 301 (5639): 1515-1519; Visualization of molecular fluctuations near the critical point of the coil-stretch transition in polymer elongation, Macromolecules, Babcock, H.P., Teixeira, R.E., Hur, J.S., Shaqfeh, E.S., Chu, S. 2003; 36 (12): 4544-4548; Exploration of the transition state for tertiary structure formation between an RNA helix and a large structured RNA, Journal of Molecular Biology, Bartley, L.E., Zhuang, X.W., Das, R., Chu, S., Herschlag, D. 2003; 328 (5): 1011-1026; Biology and polymer physics at the single-molecule level, Meeting on Slow Dynamics in Soft Matter, Chu, S., Royal Soc. 2003: 689-98; Sensitive detection of cold cesium molecules formed on Feshbach resonances, Physical Review Letters, Chin, C., Kerman, A.J., Vuletic, V., Chu, S. 2003; 90 (3); Early steps of supported bilayer formation probed by single vesicle fluorescence assays, Biophysical Journal, Johnson, J.M., Ha, T., Chu, S., Boxer, S.G. 2002; 83 (6): 3371-3379; Dynamics and configurational fluctuations of single DNA molecules in linear mixed flows, Physical Review E, Hur, J.S., Shaqfeh, E.S., Babcock, H.P., Chu, S. 2002; 66 (1); Correlating structural dynamics and function in single ribozyme molecules, Science, Zhuang, X.W., Kim, H., Pereira, M.J., Babcock, H.P., Walter, N.G., Chu, S. 2002; 296 (5572): 1473-1476; Mg2+-dependent conformational change of RNA studied by fluorescence correlation and FRET on immobilized single molecules, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Kim, H.D., Nienhaus, G.U., Ha, T., Orr, J.W., Williamson, J.R., Chu, S. 2002; 99 (7): 4284-4289.